History of the tournament
The story of the game of football in the American nineteenth century, specifically in the State of England. When he was one of the players playing football with his colleagues was frustrated because of the laws of football you can not use your hand to play. In one day he kicks the ball with his hand and was taken out and rip off more than one player from Azemlaúh until he reached the end of the stadium, and then earned the admiration of his friends. From here started the game, named Balrkpa, and spread widely in the State of England .. Then became the sport spread largely in the world and formed a huge success globally.
In the middle of the nineteenth century and found this game on its way to the United States of America, admired a lot in this game and become traded on the North East universities, particularly at the University of Harvard and Yale universities in the Masachsets .. In 1876 Harvard met at Yale University in the state of the U.S. Masachsets in North America east of the draft rules and studying the laws of this game .. In the beginning, and the differences encountered and faced problems, but they admitted in their last meeting: - it is changing the design of the ball .. Vtm change from round ball to oval ball .. And also changed the name of the game of rugby to Paul Foote (Football) and was under the Football Association between colleges .. (IFA) .. It symbolizes the (Intercollegiate Football Association).
The rugby is still its name when people rugby but mainly U.S. official has been changed .. It was very different from the rugby currently known .. In late 1880, he persuaded the University of player, "Yale" (Yale) to change the rules of the game to the similarity of the current laws .. So doing, became a player "nights" and the Walter Camp (Walter Camp) by historians the father of this modern game ..
(The father of modern football) ..
At the beginning of the twentieth century began to appear professional teams .. While universities and sports took place under the organization of the sports universities, called the newly (National Association of Sports University) .. It is this organization taking the leading professional teams game systems of the organization's directives .. In 1920 there were more than 10 professional teams across the United States of America .. Organizers decided to Aakad of professional teams meeting for the development of the game and discuss the event and also to form the Union of Professional Football .. Vtm the meeting in Ohio city of Canton (Canton, Ohio) .. And actually formed the Union of Professional Football, which was called (APFA) and symbolizes the American Football Association for Professionals (American Professional Football Association) .. Which was called later to (NFL) (National Federation of Football) .. This organization has changed in the rules of the game a lot I started this game on its way towards excellence in America through the gate of the (NFL).
Emergence and spread in America
After the emergence of the new organization of American football (NFL) football has become the U.S. is making significant progress in its popularity among the population .. And its popularity took off when the back of the player Harold (Red) Grange in Chicago and stunned everyone uniqueness in the big games against Los Angeles (Tigers) and against New York (Giants) .. Tugging this player a lot of people to this game and uniqueness Hzawra log record in the stands .. Bringing everyone enjoys to see this player .. And then the back of many of the stars and the giants of this game .. In the system of the game ... Founded the (NFL) system which is assembled to split the difference and the winner of the first group corresponds to the winner of the second set on the final (NFL) .. The first tournament under the name of the (NFL) in 1933.
The Organization (NFL) of the most powerful, or that you will bring the best players to teams based loan and the like .. But the emergence of multi-millionaire Lamar Hunt (Lamar Hunt), who was head of the Organization of American Football League (AFL) which is the (American Football League) .. Which came in the work of strong to bring professionals to the Premier headed and actually having monopolized the contracts for television and bring the best players Universities League, which formed the strength of rivalry against the (NFL) and caused this organization to the deterioration of the level of championship (NFL) is fantastic and terrible.
After a meeting between the workers in the organization (NFL) agreed to hold a major meeting with the Organization (AFL) and the resolution of the problem that came upon them .. In 1966, in another historic moment in the history of American football .. Represented by officials in the organization (NFL) and also officials of the Organization (AFL) .. The agreement to merge tournaments but stay under the name of (NFL) "National Federation of Football" .. And started the first official tournament in 1970 and held conferences .. The Conference (NFL) and the Conference of the (AFL) and went out to: - the winner of the championship (NFL) corresponds to the winner of the championship (AFL) and the name of the Super Cup .. (Super Bowl) ..
American football now
The American football (American Football) One of the biggest sports in America recorded a remarkable development .. Sports became the first in America .. University students became involved in their university teams to play the name of the university .. And the presence of television, which significantly impact on the people so as to make the ball close to the U.S. television Vtm transfer games alive and on the air .. Showing matches and became profitable gain for TV .. In the early nineties he became everyone's attention in this sport is very large .. And introduced into the organization in its treasury Albulaaaan of dollars, which increased the shares of the players a lot .. In the nineties the organization Bdrast rules of American football propagated some changes in the system of ball-point increase and delete some laws and some of them and continued to increase the same to this day .. Paul gradient to become the first U.S. sports in America.
Pitch
The length of a football field 100 yards of America and inform him of his 160 feet and the middle of the pitch 50 yards .. There are lines of color white teacher in every 10 yards .. Each deduction has its center of any of the 40-yard and tries to protect him from approaching the other opponent to the middle of home.
Zero-yard line called the goal line .. And of course the lines are called side lines to seek .. Players trying to take the ball to the end of the opponent's goal line to record the "target" for the benefit of the so-called (Touch Down) .. There after the end of each range of the two teams, "and as I mentioned earlier against the two teams is the line that protects players from entering the debit to him," and again there after the end of each throw both teams two columns (Ardtin) in the form of the letter Alankulaiza "H" mission of these columns is when you ask one of the two kicked the ball from distance .. The player must be inserted between these columns .. Recorded his target if set "and I will explain the method according to the targets later," and that does not count missed him something and start the ball with the other team.
Kick-off
At the beginning of the game is a draw for coin as it is in the sport of football (Soccer) and the team winning the Kick-off becomes the attacker and the defender becomes the other team .. The time the game is supposed to be the sense of one hour each way to four-stroke 15 minutes .. But because of the interruptions that get in the game might take the game to 3 hours .. There is a time that is called "half-time in the world of football," Alsukr "and half-time in the system of gradient Paul U.S. is still the second half and a 20 minutes .. After the break playing for 20 minutes because the players to the pitch, but does not continue from the point stopped them but go the ball to the loser in the draw for the beginning and start playing attacking .. On the other hand at the end of the first half and the third game on the players transfer aspects only ..
When a team record "Touch Down" (the goal), or stroke at the beginning of what .. The defense team put the ball on the 35-yard kick to the attacking team, and here begins the kick-off .. Attacking team tries to catch the ball and go to the opponent's goal as rapidly as possible .. If the holder of the ball saw the "attacker" that he can not overcome the opponent are asked to "fair touch" n this application is not entitled to the defenders Ahajmoh no right to run ball striker .. Are regarded as the ball position on the place and start playing from him .. But if the ball went out of the scope of the stadium and crossed the line of contact, or obtained by the player off the pitch Amcunninh not running the ball and are playing from the beginning of the 20-yard line ..
Players
Each team has 11 players .. Striker for the team are: -
Four in the line of attack .. With support from two of the right wing .. There are behind them, "the player back" and is called "quarter back" and this is called soccer in the term "Soccer" behind the strikers .. Behind this player exists two try to help him and there are two Alazarh background .. One in the left back and the other Ayman ..
But the defending team is to: -
4 defenders, in the foreground the presence of an "axis" behind and next to the wing axis right and left and behind them Alazarh "left back and right" and located behind the heart of all guns from the right and left there for the player is free to help ..
Here is this picture showing the two teams and took their positions .. Note that it may vary from one coach to another, but the majority of these plans ..
Before the match started players will meet the attackers to take the way you play the player "quarter back" which is always the team leader .. This way the game takes the player from the coach or official, by Alradioa .. This is news how all the players began to plan.
How to Play
All players are doing a line of attack, they put their hands on the ground, but the player who resides in the middle of the team .. He put his hand on the ball and then stand behind him the player back, which is called "quarter back" and is giving some signs and some "hints" to the beginning of a plan drawn up by them .. After giving the signal that the player in the middle to give the ball back to the player "quarter back" and the play begins ..
At the time when "the player back" by giving the signals and signs him 25 seconds to play in order that he can not stop only in case of a request, "Time Out" time out ..
When it is back to give the player the ball by a player is up to the middle and slightly behind the patient for some seconds to see one of his players, opening him .. This sheds hatred for that person who opened to him .. In the case of the player throwing the ball back .. The player must hold the future that the ball and then going to the end or goal that the catch and the ball falls to the ground and Ihtznha ..
In the case of a player on the ball and keep them and then fell to the ground game is changed to the site, which occurred when the player and the complete play of his point .. As in the case also for this player on the ball and then on to the end of the goal and scored a goal .. Calculated his points "Touch Down" or in the case of blocking is still a conservative on the completion of the ball are playing from where you signed it ..
And defenders "Alazarh" Running with the ball receivers "man to man" and trying to take the ball before them, or when Imeskunha being missed .. Does not prejudice the right of defenders to the ball to one of my future it will be considered foul .. They either take the ball before them or after they have missed out the ball Bhozat one of them .. But in the case of throwing the ball has not been picked up by the future are called incomplete pass and be re-play again from the same place the previous .. In the case of throwing the ball for the future and during the shooting have been picked up by the defenders are playing and begin to change the team that was defending the attack .. Called the "interception" and the group is capable of taking the ball guns before they reach for the future, and running against the opponent's goal and registration.
And also in the case of giving the ball back to the player, they can give it to one of his aides who are behind or next to it .. This player is the process of penetration migraine than half of the pitch to cut the part of the stadium .. The player can also back to being his own ball to the opponent's goal and recording a goal ...
Time
May stop the clock in many cases Among these cases .. When the initiative to send the player back Korh wrong, "not completed" .. When one of the players off the pitch Bakherouh to "seek" .. Time Kalsagth hiccups stop at the first and the second <--- Return to the laws of hiccups in the top ..
Each team has 3 times used in the "Time Out" timeout .. Can stop the play three times in one run .. And for a few minutes .. Almost two minutes or three minutes ..
Sanctions
Performs the punishment of those responsible for the match (referees) and the decision is up to the official referee .. News are the players that there is something wrong .. Throw a piece of yellow cloth by the referee and this means that there is an error in the game ..
Of sanctions: -
- That is one of the players or Madafiet attackers to bypass the line before it is started to throw the game back to the player .. This is calculated for 5 yards to the left .. Either me or the attacking team
- Delaying the game .. And destination that the team striker delayed in sending the ball to me more than 25 seconds and this carries back to back 5 yards.
- The player's rear "quarter back" by throwing the ball at any place because he was about to fall back This is punishable by 5 yards back.
- Infiltration is one of the defenders team encroachment line and access to the striker before the start of the ball and could not return .. This punishment back 5 yards behind the
- Use one of the attackers with his hands covered .. These carry for 10 yards behind ..
- Keep the player from the back hand "musk or tensile" This is the risk to the player and cause possible injury to him .. Foukptha Go back 10 yards ..
- When the player throwing the ball back for the future .. Who shall Ballmas one of the defenders to him before you get to the ball This is punishable by the progress of the team's 15 yard and even if did not complete the 10 yards ..
- The attack on the player carrying the ball and he does not .. This is punishable by 15 CAR ..
- Grab the player's helmet "helmet" This sentence .. If the screaming 15 yards and 5 yards bidder.
- Non-sporting behavior his sentence 15 yards
- In the event of two teams on the wrong ball is returned to the middle of the pitch and play completed for the benefit of the team winning with.
- The maximum penalty is back to the middle of the pitch ..